some work I'm sorry I didn't publish earlier

a glossary of editing techniques

·        Cut when one shot is instantaneously replaced by another.

·        Continuity editing
editing that creates action that flows smoothly across shots and scenes without inconsistencies. Creates a sense of story for the viewer.

·        Cross cutting
cutting back and forth between two or more important events, indicating they are happening simultaneously. This technique is used mostly in action films.

·        Dissolve
The editor overlaps the end of one shot with the beginning of the next one.

·        Eye line match The matching of eye lines between two or more characters. For example, if Sam looks to the right in shot A, Jean will look to the left in shot B. This establishes a relationship of proximity and continuity. Sometimes used with over the shoulder camera shots.

·        Fade A visual transition between shots or scenes that appears on screen as a brief interval with no picture. The editor fades one shot to black and then fades in the next. Often used to indicate a change in time and place.

·        Jump cut a cut that creates a lack of continuity by leaving out parts of the action. Often used to build tension or leave a cliff-hanger.

·        Matched cut A cut joining two shots whose compositional elements match, helping to establish strong continuity of action.

·        Montage Scenes whose emotional impact and visual design are achieved through the editing together of many brief shots. The shower scene from Psycho is an example of montage editing. Mostly used in sports films to show a month worth of working out for the character in a period of five minutes sometimes set to an 80s power ballad.

·        Sequence shotA long take that extends for an entire scene or sequence. It is composed of only one shot with no editing.

·        Shot reverse shot
Usually used for conversation scenes, this technique alternates between over-the-shoulder shots showing each character speaking.

·        Wipe
Visible on screen as a bar travelling across the frame pushing one shot off and pulling the next shot into place.

a glossary of camera shots

Glossary of camera shots

• Wide shot-shows an actor and the landscape around them usually to establish a setting.
• Extreme long shot-will show a large landscape characters will usually be too small to be visible
• Long shot-shows a large crowd or smaller amount of landscape.
• Birds eye view-used to show a large landscape from an aerial point of view and also to give the audience a feeling of omniscient
• Full shot-use to show a characters full body head to toe
• Medium shot-head to waist used to establish importance of a character
• Head and shoulders-used to just show body from the shoulders upwards creates a sense of identity for the character as you can now see most of their facial features.
• Head shot-only the head is visible allows the audience to really notice facial expressions.
• Close up-usually focusing on one part of an actors body mouth, nose, ear, eye gives a sense of importance as to what a character is saying, smelling, hearing or seeing.
• Two shot/three shot/group shot-the number shows the amount of people in frame which is alterd depending on how many people need to be seen. Group shot is used in instances with more than three actors.
• POV-point of view shot shows what is happening for a certain character or object. Makes the audience feel in touch with the actor/object.
• Over the shoulder shot-used for conversations between characters a camera is placed to show what is happening infront of a character similar to a POV shot that’s been zoomed out.
• Low/high angle-a shot taken from below an actor looking up or above an actor looking down. A low shot makes the audience feel small in comparison to the actor but a high shot may make them feel more important.
• Extreme high and  low-taken from a distance do not creae the same amount of feeling that the minor high and low angles do.
• Mask shot-taken through binoculars/glasses etc very similar to the point of view shot.
• Camera pan-turn camera in one direction allows audience to follow certain events
• Track pan-track one character and the camera moves with them again allows audience to follow the action but for slightly longer.
• Tilt-rotate camera up or down similar to  a horizontal pan.
• Zoom in/out-go from close up to long shot or vice versa helps track certain events while establishing important settings.

some ideas on Mise en Scene

mise en scene is defined as the aspects that make up scenes or parts of theatre and play productions. for instance props, backgrounds, choice of actors and what  the actors themselves do. I think that for the most part mise en scene goes unoticed by the typical audience particularly because it makes up lots of small background details that while they do not play a large part within the plot help set the scene. For instance in the war time play Journey's End the set always has a few empty whisky bottles scattered around the set, the purpose of this is to represent the drunkeness of one particular character and how he relies on it. This clever hint may go unoticed by most people as the average audience just tends to zero in on the action.